Why do submarines have rounded hulls? What are some advantages/disadvantages of having a rounded hull compared to a flat one?

 Submarines have rounded hulls for several reasons. One of the main reasons is to reduce drag and increase the submarine's speed and efficiency. A round hull is more hydrodynamic, meaning it moves more easily through the water. This allows the submarine to move faster and use less energy, which is important for a vessel that must be able to operate quietly and stealthily.

Another reason for the rounded hull is to reduce noise. A flat hull can create more noise as it moves through the water, which could be detected by sonar. A round hull is less likely to create noise, making it harder to detect.

One disadvantage of a rounded hull is that it provides less surface area for the submarine's sensors and other equipment. This can be a problem if the submarine needs to carry a large number of sensors or other equipment.

Overall, the advantages of a rounded hull, such as reduced drag and noise, make it a good choice for a submarine. While there are some disadvantages, such as less surface area for sensors and equipment, these can be compensated for with careful design and engineering.